Hongxiang geosynthetic materials are widely used in the design of the base and cover layers of landfill facilities, mainly including the following aspects:
• Geogrids can be used to enhance the stability of the slopes beneath the waste mass and to reinforce the cover soil layer on top of the geomembrane;
• Geonets can be used for drainage;
• Geomembranes, which are relatively impermeable polymers, can serve as barriers to liquids, gases, or vapors;
• Geocomposites, which consist of two or more layers of geosynthetic materials, can be used for separation, filtration, or drainage;
• Geotextiles can be used for filtration or as cushioning to prevent puncturing of the geomembrane.
The following image shows the application of geosynthetic materials in the cover and bottom liner layers of a modern landfill.
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The image above shows a double-liner system. It consists of a geomembrane / GCL as the primary liner layer, and a layer of geomembrane / compacted clay liner as the secondary liner layer. A leak detection system is located between the primary liner and the secondary liner, composed of geotextile and geonet. The leachate collection system above the primary liner layer is made up of gravel and a perforated geotextile pipe system. There is a layer of geotextile cushioning beneath the gravel layer to prevent the geomembrane of the bottom liner from being punctured by the gravel. The leachate collection system is situated above the primary liner layer of the slope liner system, consisting of geodrain boards embedded in the gravel layer (a composite of geotextile and geonet). The entire landfill surface is covered with a layer of geotextile filter to prevent clogging of the leachate collection and drainage system. Geotextiles are used in interception ditches to control the hydraulic gradient, keeping the water level at the bottom of the landfill. Additionally, as shown in the picture, reinforced fibers are randomly distributed in the foundation soil beneath the landfill, enhancing the strength and stability of the soil; geogrids can be used to strengthen steep slopes.
The landfill cover system shown in the diagram includes a composite geomembrane / GCL barrier layer. The drainage layer formed by the composite of geotextile and geonet is located above the geomembrane. The soil cover layer beneath the anti-erosion system is protected by geogrids, geotextiles, and geocells. This reinforcement system can minimize the strain in the soil layer, which is caused by uneven settlement of the waste or future vertical expansion of the landfill. Furthermore, the cover system may include a geogrid or geotextile reinforcement layer located above the permeability barrier to ensure the stability of the surface vegetation layer. Reinforced fibers can also be used to enhance the stability of the surface vegetation layer in steeper areas. As shown in the figure, the geocomposite anti-erosion system above the surface vegetation layer can provide erosion protection for both the surface and the ditches. Geotextiles serve as filtering materials for groundwater and leachate collection wells. The diagram also reflects the arrangement of the HDPE vertical barrier system and the geosynthetic interception ditches around the landfill.
This diagram provides numerous applications of geosynthetic materials that may be considered in landfill design, of course, not every landfill will require all components shown in the diagram.
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