Hongxiang geosynthetic materials are widely used in the design of the base and cover layers of landfill facilities, mainly including the following aspects:
• Geogrids can be used to enhance the stability of slopes beneath the waste body and to strengthen the cover soil layer above the geomembrane;
• Geonets can be used for drainage;
• Geomembranes, which are relatively impermeable polymers, can serve as barriers to liquids, gases, or vapors;
• Geocomposite materials, which consist of two or more layers of geosynthetic materials, can be used for separation, filtration, or drainage;
• Geotextiles can be used for filtration or as cushioning to prevent puncturing of the geomembrane.
The image below shows the application of geosynthetic materials in a modern landfill’s cover and bottom liner layer.
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The image above depicts a double liner system. It consists of a geomembrane / GCL as the primary liner layer and a layer of geomembrane / compacted clay liner as the secondary liner layer. The leak detection system is located between the primary liner layer and the secondary liner layer, composed of geotextile and geonet. The leachate collection system above the primary liner layer is made up of gravel and a perforated geodrain system. A geotextile cushion layer is placed beneath the gravel layer to prevent the geomembrane of the bottom liner layer from being punctured by the gravel. The leachate collection system is located above the primary liner layer of the slope liner system and consists of geodrain boards (a composite of geotextile and geonet) embedded in the gravel layer. The entire landfill surface is covered with a geotextile filter layer to prevent clogging of the leachate collection and drainage system. The geotextile is used to control the hydraulic gradient interception ditches, which can maintain the water level at the bottom of the landfill. Additionally, as shown in the image, reinforcement fibers are randomly distributed within the foundation soil layer beneath the landfill to enhance the strength and stability of the soil; geogrids can be used to reinforce steep slopes.
The landfill cover system shown in the image includes a composite geomembrane / GCL barrier layer. The drainage layer formed by the composite of geotextile and geonet is located above the geomembrane. The soil cover layer beneath the erosion control system is protected by geogrids, geotextiles, geocells, etc. This reinforcement system can minimize the strain in the soil layer, caused by uneven settlement of the waste or future vertical expansion of the landfill. Moreover, the cover system may include a geogrid or geotextile reinforcement layer located above the permeable barrier to ensure the stability of the surface vegetation layer. Reinforcement fibers can also be used to enhance the stability of the surface vegetation layer in steeper areas. As shown in the image, the geocomposite erosion control system above the surface vegetation layer can provide erosion protection for both the surface and the ditches. Geotextiles serve as filter materials for groundwater and leachate collection wells. Furthermore, the image also reflects the layout of the HDPE vertical barrier system and the geosynthetic interception ditches surrounding the landfill.
This image provides numerous applications of geosynthetic materials that may be considered in landfill design; of course, not every landfill requires all the components shown in the image.
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