Hongxiang geosynthetic materials are widely used in the design of the foundation and cover layer of landfill facilities, mainly including the following aspects:
• Geogrids, which can be used to enhance the stability of slopes beneath the waste mass and to reinforce the cover soil layer above the geomembrane;
• Geonets, which can be used for drainage;
• Geomembranes, which are relatively impermeable polymers that can serve as a barrier to liquids, gases, or vapors;
• Geocomposites, which consist of two or more layers of geosynthetic materials that can be used for separation, filtration, or drainage;
• Geotextiles, which can be used for filtration or as a cushion to prevent puncturing of the geomembrane.
The figure below shows the application of geosynthetic materials in the cover and bottom liner layers of a modern landfill.
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The above figure illustrates a double liner system. It consists of a geomembrane / GCL as the primary liner layer, and a layer of geomembrane / compacted clay liner as the secondary liner layer. The leak detection system is located between the primary liner layer and the secondary liner layer, composed of geotextiles and geonets. The leachate collection system above the primary liner layer consists of gravel and a perforated geotube system. Below the gravel layer, there is a geotextile cushion to prevent the geomembrane of the bottom liner from being punctured by gravel. The leachate collection system is located above the primary liner layer of the slope liner system, consisting of geocomposite drainage boards embedded in the gravel layer (geotextile and geonet composite). The entire landfill surface is covered with a geotextile filter layer to prevent clogging of the leachate collection and drainage system. The geotextile is used for intercepting ditches that control the water head gradient, keeping the water level at the bottom of the landfill. Additionally, as shown in the image, reinforced fibers are randomly distributed in the foundation soil layer beneath the landfill, which can enhance the strength and stability of the soil; geogrids can be used to reinforce steep slopes.
The landfill cover system shown in the image includes a composite geomembrane / GCL barrier layer. A drainage layer formed by a geotextile and geonet composite is located above the geomembrane. The soil cover layer beneath the erosion control system is protected by geogrids, geotextiles, and geocells. This reinforcement system can minimize the strain in the soil layer, which is caused by uneven settlement of the waste or future vertical expansion of the landfill. Furthermore, the cover system may include a geogrid or geotextile reinforcement layer located above the permeable barrier to ensure the stability of the surface vegetation layer. Reinforced fibers can also be used to enhance the stability of the surface vegetation layer in steeper areas. As shown in the image, the geocomposite erosion control system above the surface vegetation layer can provide erosion protection for the surface and ditches. Geotextiles serve as filter materials for groundwater and leachate collection wells. Additionally, the image reflects the layout of the HDPE vertical barrier system and the geosynthetic interception ditches around the landfill.
This figure presents numerous applications of geosynthetic materials that may be considered in landfill design; however, not every landfill requires all components shown in the figure.
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